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Wann verwendet man would/should in englischen if-Sätzen?

Die Faust­regel sagt ja, daß in Typ-II-Kon­di­tio­nal­sätzen nur past tense steht und keine For­men der Mo­dal­ver­ben will/shall. Wiki­pe­dia listet ein paar Aus­nah­men dazu (ins­be­son­de­re mo­da­le Be­deu­tung von would = wollen), aber ich ver­ste­he nicht, wie sie die fol­gen­den Zi­ta­te aus The Lord of the Rings erklären.

He wondered if he would ever again have the courage to leave the safety of these stone walls.
He wondered if he would remain maimed for life
I was just wondering if you would be wanting anything.
Then he taught them a rhyme to sing, if they should by ill-luck fall into any danger
For few, I deem, know of our deeds, and therefore guess little of their peril, if we should fail at last.
But if of ships I now should sing, what ship would come to me,
But if hope should not fail, then I say to you, Gimli son of Glóin, that your hands shall flow with gold
If a prisoner should escape […] we might pass the signs and never know it.
risking our utter ruin, if the Enemy should recover what he lost.
But if I should return, think better of me!

Auch bei Shakespeare finde ich solche Sätze nicht selten:

If [my father] were dead, you’ld weep for him: if you would not, it were a good sign that I should quickly have a new father (Macbeth)
Beshrew me, if I would do such a wrong for the whole world. (Othello)
If I should speak, she would mock me into air (Much Ado about Nothing)
What would you say, if I should let you speak? (Titus Andronicus)
if thou shouldst not be glad I would divorce me from thy mother’s tomb (King Lear)

Die Beispiele mit should schei­nen mir eine be­son­de­re Vag­heit oder besonders hypo­the­ti­sche Un­wahr­schein­lich­keit aus­zu­drücken („falls es ent­ge­gen al­len Er­war­tun­gen ein­tre­ten soll­te“, „wenn es wirk­lich ge­schä­he“), aber das ist nur mei­ne Inter­pre­ta­ti­on. Bei den Bei­spie­len mit would sehe ich gar kein ge­mein­sa­mes Muster.

Hat jemand eine bessere Idee, wie die­se Sätze zu ver­ste­hen sind?

Englisch lernen, Englisch, Herr der Ringe, Englisch-Deutsch, englische Grammatik, Englischunterricht, Grammatik, Shakespeare, If clauses, J.R.R. Tolkien

Personal comment über Autos?

Hey, ich bin in der zehnten Klasse und schreib morgen in Englisch eine Klassenarbeit und muss einen Personal Comment schreiben. Ich habe jetzt einen Text geschrieben über das Thema „Should cars be banned to combat climate change and traffic accidents ?“ Meine Aufgabe dazu war für jede Seite 2 Argumente zu schreiben und circa 150-200 benutzen. Könntet ihr mir vielleicht sagen, ob ich den Text gutgeschrieben habe und ihr Verbesserungsvorschläge habt?
Dankeschön.

Everyday, eight people die in Germany because of car crashes. Nowadays, the number of sold cars has increased over the last twenty years. More people can drive today than 50 years ago. So more cars are on the streets. Also everybody knows that driving a car produces high CO2 emissions, which damage the climate. So, should cars be banned to combat climate change and traffic accidents? In the following text, I will give my opinion on this topic.

Firstly, there are alternative climate-neutral electric cars available on the market. When you buy them, manufacturers sometimes offer bonuses, making electric cars often as affordable as regular ones. Due to global research in the field of electric cars, especially from China, new technologies are constantly emerging. Surely, the production of electric cars will become more environmentally friendly in the future.

Secondly, cars provide flexibility. To work or school, you can use your own car without depending on public traffic like buses or trains. This is especially important in rural areas, where public transport options are limited. For instance, in my village, the bus to the nearest town only runs once an hour, and not after 7 pm.

On the other side, traffic accidents are a huge problem all around the world. As already said, everyday 8 people die in Germany because of traffic accidents and over 1.6 Thousand worldwide. These numbers are arlarming, we have to do something. So it would be better, if we don’t use the car always. Also older people should walk more, because they can’t recognize and react so fast in the traffic, they’re a huge risk.

Furthermore, the production of cars, especially electric ones, generates high CO2 emissions, which speed up global warming. Additionally, driving traditional cars continues to harm the environment. To produce for example a battery for an electric car, often workers get exploit in poor countries or child labour have played a role. Also the battery don’t can be used to much, because slowly the battery capacity decrease a lot, so you often have to charge.

To sum it all up, I come to the conclusion, that cars should be banned. Electric cars are a good alternative, but the fabrication produces to much CO2. But I‘m sure it will be better in near future, Walk or use the bicycle is good for your health and doesn’t damage yourself!

Englisch lernen, Text, Englisch-Deutsch, Grammatik, Klima, comment

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