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AxoMan47
17.05.2023, 20:05
Python: Wieso wird bei diesem Skript keine Rückmeldung angezeigt?

Ich wollte nur fragen, was an diesem Python-Skript falsch ist. Es wird nur keine Rückmeldung angezeigt:

import pygame

# Initialisierung von Pygame
pygame.init()

# Fenstergröße festlegen
window_width = 800
window_height = 600
window = pygame.display.set_mode((window_width, window_height))
pygame.display.set_caption("Plattform-Spiel")

# Farben definieren
black = (0, 0, 0)
white = (255, 255, 255)

# Spielergröße und Position
player_width = 50
player_height = 50
player_x = window_width // 2 - player_width // 2
player_y = window_height - player_height

# Spielerbewegung
player_x_speed = 0
player_y_speed = 0
player_jump_power = -10
gravity = 0.5

# Plattformgröße und Position
platform_width = 200
platform_height = 20
platform_x = window_width // 2 - platform_width // 2
platform_y = window_height - platform_height - 50

# Hauptspielschleife
running = True

while running:
  window.fill(white)

  # Ereignisse verarbeiten
  for event in pygame.event.get():
    if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
      running = False
    elif event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
      if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
        player_x_speed = -5
      elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
        player_x_speed = 5
      elif event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
        if player_y == window_height - player_height:
          player_y_speed = player_jump_power
    elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
      if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT or event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
        player_x_speed = 0

  # Spielerbewegung aktualisieren
  player_x += player_x_speed
  player_y += player_y_speed
  player_y_speed += gravity

  # Kollisionserkennung mit Plattform
  if player_y + player_height >= platform_y and player_y_speed >= 0:
    if player_x + player_width >= platform_x and player_x <= platform_x + platform_width:
      player_y = platform_y - player_height
      player_y_speed = 0

  # Spieler zeichnen
  pygame.draw.rect(window, black, (player_x, player_y, player_width, player_height))

  # Plattform zeichnen
  pygame.draw.rect(window, black, (platform_x, platform_y, platform_width, platform_height))

  # Fenster aktualisieren
  pygame.display.flip()

# Pygame beenden
pygame.quit()
Python, Python 3, Pygame
1 Antwort
CodeSnake
17.05.2023, 19:26
Beitrag wurde 1 Mal erneut eingestellt
Wozu das super()-__init__(**kwargs)?

Bei dem Code im Anhang, der Hangman als Python App mit dem Kivy Framework erstellt, weiß ich nicht wozu man die Zeile mit dem super() braucht. Also warum muss man die **kwargs Argumente an die Basisklasse weitergeben?

class HangmanGame(BoxLayout):    
    def __init__(self, **kwargs):
            super().__init__(**kwargs)
            self.word_list = ["python", "java", "ruby", "javascript", "php"]
            self.guess_word = []
            self.secret_word = ""
            self.remaining_guesses = 6
        self.img_path = "img/hangman_{}.png"
        self.create_game_layout()
        self.new_game()


    def create_game_layout(self):
        self.orientation = "vertical"
        self.image = Image(source=self.img_path.format(0))
        self.word_label = Label(text=" ".join(self.guess_word),
                                font_size="50sp",
                                halign="center",
                                valign="middle")
        self.remaining_guesses_label = Label(text=f"Remaining guesses: {self.remaining_guesses}")
        self.input_label = Label(text="Enter a letter:")
        self.input = TextInput(multiline=False)
        self.submit_button = Button(text="Submit", 

#Hier fehlt was unwichtiges, weil die Frage zu lang war

    def new_game(self):
        self.secret_word = random.choice(self.word_list)
        self.guess_word = ["_"] * len(self.secret_word)
        self.remaining_guesses = 6
        self.image.source = self.img_path.format(0)
        self.input.text = ""
        self.word_label.text = " ".join(self.guess_word)
        self.remaining_guesses_label.text = f"Remaining guesses: {self.remaining_guesses}"


    def check_letter(self, instance):
        letter = self.input.text
        if letter in self.secret_word:
            for i, c in enumerate(self.secret_word):
                if c == letter:
                    self.guess_word[i] = letter
            if "_" not in self.guess_word:
                self.end_game(True)
        else:
            self.remaining_guesses -= 1
            self.image.source = self.img_path.format(6 - self.remaining_guesses)
            self.remaining_guesses_label.text = f"Remaining guesses: {self.remaining_guesses}"
            if self.remaining_guesses == 0:
                self.end_game(False)
        self.input.text = ""
        self.word_label.text = " ".join(self.guess_word)


    def end_game(self, victory):
        message = "Congratulations, you won!" if victory else f"Sorry, the word was {self.secret_word}."
        self.remaining_guesses_label.text = message
        self.remove_widget(self.input_label)
        self.remove_widget(self.input)
        self.remove_widget(self.submit_button)
        self.add_widget(Button(text="New Game", on_press=self.new_game))



class HangmanApp(App):


    def build(self):
        Window.clearcolor = (0.5, 0.5, 0.5, 1)
        return HangmanGame()


HangmanApp().run()
programmieren, Python, Instanz, Python 3, Objektorientierte Programmierung
2 Antworten
CodeSnake
13.05.2023, 15:57
Beitrag wurde 1 Mal erneut eingestellt
Warum werden in diesem Code Klassen verwendet?

Also was für einen Vorteil hat das?:

Der Code ist für ein Tic-Tac-Toe-Spiel

class Board():
    def __init__(self):
        self.state = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]

    def make_turn(self, cell, player):
        if self.is_valid_turn(cell):
            self.state[cell] = player.symbol
            return True
        return False

    def is_valid_turn(self, cell):
        if self.state[cell] == 0:
            return True
        else:
            return False

    def check_win(self, player):
        s = player.symbol
        if self.state[0] == s and self.state[1] == s and self.state[2] == s:
            return True
        elif self.state[3] == s and self.state[4] == s and self.state[5] == s:
            return True
        elif self.state[6] == s and self.state[7] == s and self.state[8] == s:
            return True

        elif self.state[0] == s and self.state[3] == s and self.state[6] == s:
            return True
        elif self.state[1] == s and self.state[4] == s and self.state[7] == s:
            return True
        elif self.state[2] == s and self.state[5] == s and self.state[8] == s:
            return True

        elif self.state[0] == s and self.state[4] == s and self.state[8] == s:
            return True
        elif self.state[2] == s and self.state[4] == s and self.state[6] == s:
            return True

    def is_full(self):
        for i in self.state:
            if i == 0:
                return False
        return True

    def sign_to_printable(self, sign):
        if sign == 0:
            return " "
        elif sign == 1:
            return "X"
        else:
            return "O"

    def print_board(self):
        print(" " + self.sign_to_printable(self.state[0]) + " | " + self.sign_to_printable(self.state[1]) + " | " + self.sign_to_printable(self.state[2]) + " \n" +
              " " + self.sign_to_printable(self.state[3]) + " | " + self.sign_to_printable(self.state[4]) + " | " + self.sign_to_printable(self.state[5]) + " \n" +
              " " + self.sign_to_printable(self.state[6]) + " | " + self.sign_to_printable(self.state[7]) + " | " + self.sign_to_printable(self.state[8]) + " \n")


class Player:
    def __init__(self, symbol):
        self.symbol = symbol


if __name__ == '__main__':
    player_a = Player(1)
    player_b = Player(-1)
    board = Board()
    active_player = player_a
    while not board.is_full():
        board.print_board()
        try:
            cell = int(input("Where do you want to place your sign? [1-9]"))
        except ValueError:
            continue
        cell = cell - 1
        if cell < 0 or cell > 8:
            print("Please enter a number between 1 and 9")
            continue
        if not board.make_turn(cell, active_player):
            print("Invalid Move")
            continue

        if board.check_win(active_player):
            print("You wonnered! GW.")
            break

        if …
IT, programmieren, Informatik, Programmiersprache, Python, Instanz, Python 3, Objektorientierte Programmierung
2 Antworten
CodeSnake
05.05.2023, 19:16
Beitrag wurde 1 Mal erneut eingestellt
Python Referenzen und Objektkopien?

ChatGPT und mein Pythonbuch sagen folgendes:
„In Python werden Objekte durch Referenzen verwaltet, die auf den Speicherbereich zeigen, in dem das Objekt gespeichert ist. Wenn ein Objekt über eine Referenz zugewiesen wird, wird der Speicherplatz für das Objekt reserviert und die Referenz zeigt auf diesen Speicherbereich. Wenn auf denselben Wert bereits von einer anderen Referenz verwiesen wird, zeigt diese Referenz auf dasselbe Objekt/Speicherbereich.“

Aber danach steht in meinem Pythonbuch der Code am Ende dieser Nachricht.
Und über dem Code stand, dass mit diesem y.append(i) eine echte Kopie von x erstellen kann. Aber da ja schon x auf die Liste verweist hätte man nach dem .append() ja zwei Referenzen. Nämlich x und y. Also müsste Python laut der ersten Aussage doch mit beiden Referenzen auf ein und dasselbe Objekt verweisen. Dann wäre es aber keine Kopie mehr, sondern das gleiche Objekt.

Ich hoffe, dass ich mein Problem irgendwie erklären konnte.
LG Code Snake 🙂

import copy

x = [23, "hallo", -7.5]
y = []

for i in x:
    y.append(i)

print("dasselbe Objekt:", x is y)
print("gleicher Inhalt:", x == y)
print()

x = (23, ["Berlin", "Hamburg"], -7.5, 12.67)
y = copy.deepcopy(x)

print("dasselbe Objekt:", x is y)
print("gleicher Inhalt:", x == y)
IT, programmieren, Informatik, Programmiersprache, Python, Referenz, Python 3, Objektorientierte Programmierung
3 Antworten

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